保存7天单采血小板的体外研究

本项研究的目的是确定单采血小板可允许保存的条件,包括容积、血小板成分的含量和特殊血小板成分保存袋内的血小板总量。材料和方法 本研究用单采机(COBE Spectra LRS Turbo,version 7,Gambro BCT,Denver,CO)从自愿献血者采集血小板成分,献血者符合 FDA和 AABB 献血标准,并在献血小板成分之前 7天内,没有服用改变血小板成分作用的药物和抗生素。控制每袋血小板成分的浓度和容积,以检测这些变量。悬浮在血浆中的血小板成分保存在特制的PVC合成的塑料袋中,枸椽酸钠抗凝,在22℃温控的恒温箱中震荡8天。     

The effects of treatment with growth hormone alone or in combination with oxandrolone in a group of Turner's syndrome children. A preliminary study

The authors analyzed the clinical and psychological effects of GH (group 1) and GH plus oxandrolone (group 2) in a group of 11 Turner girls aged 6.3-14 years. The results showed a significant improvement of posttreatment height velocity vs pretreatment height velocity for both study groups. No significant differences were found between the two groups. A girl of group 2 manifested a defect of sexual identification.     

Effects of bromocriptine on bone maturation in tall adolescents. Comparison of the Greulich-Pyle and Tanner TW 2 RUS methods

The effect of bromocriptine 7.5 mg/day for 8 to 14 months on bone maturation has been studied in 33 excessively tall adolescents (25 females and 8 males aged 11 to 16 years, at pubertal stages P2 - P3), using comparatively the atlas of Greulich and Pyle and the RUS method of Tanner and Whitehouse. With the Greulich and Pyle evaluation, bone age was very significantly increased during treatment: p less than 0.001 in females, p less than 0.01 in males. The RUS method gave significantly greater evaluation of bone age (p less than 0.001), so that the treatment-induced acceleration of bone maturation was less significant: p less than 0.01 in females, NS in males. These data confirm that bromocriptine in constitutionally tall adolescents acts mainly through an increase of pubertal bone maturation. Moreover they point out once again the difficulties and discrepancies of height prediction.     

Micronuclei Assay in Exfoliated Buccal Cells from Individuals Exposed to Arsenic in Argentina

Drinking arsenic (As)-laden water for a long time affects a population’s health and leads to chronic hydroarsenicism, which is associated with an increased incidence of different types of cancer. To determine the potential genotoxic risk associated with different degrees of environmental exposure to inorganic As by way of drinking water, micronuclei (MN) frequency in exfoliated buccal cells was evaluated in Argentina among rural populations of Santiago del Estero and urban populations of Buenos Aires. The exposed group in Santiago del Estero (La Firmeza and Santos Lugares localities) showed a significant increase in MN frequency in epithelial cells compared with controls (Monte Quemado and Urutau localities) (p = 0.0005). With regard to the Buenos Aires groups, Navarro individuals (the exposed group) exhibited a significant difference compared with controls (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires) (p = 0.0002). Comparison of MN frequencies between Santiago del Estero and Buenos Aires individuals showed that genotoxic effects of As in drinking water exhibit variation between rural and urban groups, probably due to individual susceptibility being an important incidence factor. The results clearly show that MN assay in buccal mucosa cells is an ideal methodology with which to measure potential genetic risk related to environmental As exposure in humans.     

Comprehensive cardiovascular ECG-gated MDCT as a standard diagnostic tool in patients with acute chest pain

Acute myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, and aortic dissection are diseases associated with acute chest pain and may lead to severe morbidity and mortality. These diseases may not be trivial to diagnose in the settings of emergency room. ECG-gated multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT), already established for the assessment of pulmonary embolism and aortic dissection, provides reliable information regarding the triage of patients with acute coronary syndrome in the emergency room. MDCT recently appeared to be logistically feasible and a promising comprehensive method for the evaluation of cardiac and non-cardiac chest pain in emergency department patients. The possibility to scan the entire thorax visualizing the thoracic aorta, the pulmonary arteries, and the coronary arteries could provide a new approach to the triage of acute chest pain. The inherent advantage of MDCT with cardiac state-of-the-art capabilities is the rapid investigation of the main sources of acute chest pain with a high negative predictive value. Recent studies also reports an advantage in terms of costs. With current evidence, the selection of patients with acute chest pain candidates to MDCT should remain restricted to avoid unjustified risk of ionizing radiation.     

Centrifugal (inside-out) enhancement of liver hemangiomas: a possible atypical appearance on contrast-enhanced US

OBJECTIVE: To report the prevalence and to describe the atypical centrifugal (inside-out) appearance of contrast-enhancement of liver hemangiomas on contrast-enhanced sonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Baseline and SonoVue-enhanced ultrasonography of 92 patients with 158 liver hemangiomas - considered atypical at grey-scale examination and confirmed by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound follow-up - were reviewed in consensus by two experienced radiologists, who evaluated baseline echogenicity and the dynamic enhancement pattern of each lesion looking for the presence of central enhancing foci in the arterial phase followed by a centrifugal (inside-out) enhancement in the portal-venous and late phases. RESULTS: After administration of SonoVue, 12/158 hemangiomas (7.6%) (size range: 1-7cm; mean: 3.2cm) in seven patients (5 women, 2 men; age range: 34-71 years, mean: 50.8 years) showed a central enhancing focus in the arterial phase followed by a centrifugal enhancement in the portal-venous and late phases. In all cases centrifugal enhancement was incomplete at contrast-enhanced sonography, whereas computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging were able to depict a complete and homogeneous fill-in. CONCLUSION: Radiologist should be aware that centrifugal (inside-out) appearance on contrast-enhanced sonography is a rare but possible feature of liver hemangioma.